The indications for potassium replacement therapy are:
• Hypokalemia or potassium levels of less than 3 meq / l.• Arrhythmias secondary to digitalis toxicity.• Familial periodic paralysis with hypokalemia.Potassium chloride is recommended in cases of hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis often accompanied by low potassium.It
is indicated as prophylaxis in patients at risk of hypokalemia and who
are under treatment with loop diuretics or thiazides (including patients
with heart failure treated with digitalis, high risk of myocardial
infarction, severe liver failure and diabetes mellitus); excess aldosterone with normal renal function, potassium loss encephalopathy, chronic diarrhea and conditions.The diuretic-induced hypoglycemia is controlled successfully with potassium supplementation. Other
causes or predisposing factors for development of hypokalemia include
administration of large amounts of glucose or insulin, gastrointestinal
losses due to vomiting, nasogastric suction, and diarrhea, urinary loss
secondary to Cushing's syndrome, renal tubular acidosis and
hypomagnesemia, chronic alcoholism and drugs such as triglycerides, amphitheater B, penicillin, corticosteroids and lithium.Hypersensitivity to the components of the formula. In
patients with severe renal insufficiency, untreated Addison's disease,
hereditary adynamia episodic, acute dehydration, hyperkalemia,
gastrointestinal disease and delay the passage of the tablet through the
gastrointestinal tract or suffering from heat cramps.PRECAUTIONS:
The concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics or ACE inhibitors;
atrioventricular conduction disturbances induced by digitalis unless
hypokalemia is documented and should be used with caution in patients
taking salt substitutes containing potassium. It is recommended to monitor serum potassium levels to determine therapeutic efficacy.The
use of potassium salts in patients with chronic kidney disease or any
other condition in which there is an alteration in potassium excretion,
requires careful monitoring of the serum potassium concentration and
appropriate dosage adjustment.The hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis in patients should be treated with a
salt as alkalinizing potassium bicarbonate, potassium citrate, potassium
acetate or potassium gluconate.In
interpreting the serum potassium level, the physician should bear in
mind that acute alkalosis per se can produce hypokalemia in the absence
of a deficit in total body potassium, while the acidosis per se
increases in serum potassium normal range even in the presence of a reduction in total body potassium.Treatment
of depletion, particularly in the presence of heart disease, kidney
disease, requires careful attention to acid-base balance and appropriate
monitoring of serum electrolytes, the electrocardiogram and the
clinical status of the patient.Use
in Pregnancy and Lactation: Since its main application is potassium
depletion, its use is strictly the responsibility of the treating
physician.The normal content of potassium ion in human milk is about 13 mEq / l. The potassium chloride supplements probably have little or no effect on the levels in human milk.DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION:The usual intake of potassium average adult is 60 to 100 mEq per day. A
depletion of potassium sufficient to cause hypoglycemia, generally
requires a loss of 200 or more storage mEq of potassium from total body.The dosage should be adjusted according to patient needs. For the prevention of hypoglycemia, the dose is usually within the range of 20 mEq per day. For the treatment of potassium depletion, using doses of from 40 to 100 mEq per day or more. If
more than one tablet prescribed K-DUR ® (20 mEq) per day, the total
daily dose should be broken down into two or more separate doses.The tablets should be taken with food and a glass of water or other liquid. This product should be taken on an empty stomach.Patients who have difficulty swallowing theTablets can follow one of the following alternatives:• Break the tablet in half and take each half separately with a glass of water.Prepare an aqueous suspension as follows: Place the tablet in half a glass of water (120 ml). Wait two to three minutes for the tablet to disintegrategre. Drink contents immediately. Take finally a small amount of additional water. If there is any excess of dilution and discard not swallow.It is not advisable to use other liquids to effect dilution tablets K-DUR ®. Petidas of plasma electrolytes.
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